History of Lake, Porter, and LaPorte, 1927County history published by the Historians' Association . . . .

Source Citation:
Cannon, Thomas H., H. H. Loring, and Charles J. Robb. 1927. History of the Lake and Calumet Region of Indiana, Embracing the Counties of Lake, Porter and LaPorte: An Historical Account of Its People and Its Progress from the Earliest Times to the Present. Volume I.  Indianapolis, Indiana: Historians' Association. 840 p.

 

HISTORY OF THE LAKE AND CALUMET REGION OF INDIANA 

CONTENTS

xi

CHAPTER I
Geology and Topography -- Geological Formation -- Glacial Period -- Terminal Moraine -- Valparaiso Moraine -- Elevation and Drainage...............................  1

CHAPTER II
The Mound Builders -- Mystery of Their Origin -- Implements and Utensils -- Discoveries in Louisiana and Georgia -- Indian Mounds -- Mounds in the Lake and Calumet Region -- The Youchi Collection of Stone Implements ......................  6

CHAPTER III
Days of Indian Occupancy -- The American Indian -- Probable Asiatic Origin -- Algonquins and Iroquois -- The Indiana Tribes -- The Pottawatomies -- Shaubenee -- John B. Chaudonia -- Alexander Robinson..............................  12

CHAPTER IV
Early Explorations -- French Missionaries -- Father Marquette -- Father D'Ablon -- Louis Joliet -- Discovery of the Upper Mississippi -- Death of Father Marquette -- Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle -- Father Gabriel de la Ribourde -- Father Hennepin -- Coureurs De Bois -- Discovery of Lake Michigan -- G. Nicolet -- Father Allouez -- Early Relics -- Nicolas Perrot............................................. 19

CHAPTER V
Border Warfare -- Wars Between France and England -- French Influence With Indians -- Transfer of Canada to England -- Conspiracy of Pontiac -- Indians Capture Important Forts -- Attacks on Border Settlements -- Collapse of the Conspiracy -- Death of Pontiac -- Indians Succumb to British Influence -- The Revolutionary War -- The Hair Buyers.......................................................  33

xii

CHAPTER VI
Lake and Calumet Region Becomes Part of the United States -- Colonel George Roger Clark -- Capture of Kaskaskia and Vincennes -- Clark Defeats the Shawnees -- Pottawatomies Aid the British -- Attacks on Fort St. Joseph -- A Spanish Gesture -- Colonies Achieve Their Independence -- Treaty With Indians at Ft. Harmon -- British Aid Indians in New Border War -- Defeat of Harmon and St. Clair -- Crushing Defeat of Indians by General Wayne -- The Treaty of Greenville -- Fur Trading Activities -- Establishment of Fort Dearborn at Chi-
cago.......................................................................................................  40

CHAPTER VII
After Wayne and Greenville -- Tecumseh and the Prophet -- Long Period of Peace -- Indian Restlessness in 1905 [sic, 1805] -- Tecumseh -- The Prophet -- Indian Federation -- Harrison Destroys Prophets Town and Defeats Prophet -- Battle of the Thames -- Death of Tecumseh.............................................................  47

CHAPTER VIII
Indian Peace -- Fur Trading Activities -- The Bailly Homestead -- Fort Dearborn Rebuilt -- The Fur Traade -- American Fur Company -- The First White Settler -- The Bailly Family Life................................................................................  58

CHAPTER IX
Early Settlements and Pioneers -- County Organization and County Government -- Indiana -- Creation of LaPorte County -- LaPorte Made County Seat -- First County Officials -- Development of Michigan City and LaPorte -- Attempts to Change County Seat -- Early Settlers -- Creation of Porter na dLake Counties -- Portersville (now Valparaiso) Made County Seat of Porter County -- First Officials -- Early Settlers -- Margaret Jane (Bryant) Blackstone -- County Court House -- Lake County Before Organization -- Early Settlers -- Organization of Lake County -- First Officials -- County Court House -- Superior Court House, Hammond...  81

CHAPTER X
Townships -- Towns -- Villages -- LaPorte County Townships, Towns and Villages, Early Settlements -- Porter County Townships, Towns and Villages, Early Settlements -- Lake County Townships, Towns and Villages, Early
Settlements...........................................................................................  102

CHAPTER XI
Pioneer Life -- Making New Frontiers -- Daily Life of the Pioneer -- Travels of Hariet Martineau in the Lake and Calumet Region -- Noted Pioneers -- Solon Robinson -- John Brown -- Darius P. Blake -- James Monahan -- Annie Maria Gibson (Gibson Inn)................................................................................ 152

xiii

CHAPTER XII
The Lake Region Marshes -- Animal Life -- Marsh Reclamation -- The Calumet Region -- Deer Hunting -- Christopher Kimball -- The Tolleston Gun Club and the Calumet Feud -- John Nimitz -- Death of the Conroys -- The Burns Ditch -- Kankakee Swamps -- Fur Bearing Wealth -- Pioneer Hunters and Trappers of the Kankakee -- Reclamation Ditches on the Kankakee -- The LaCrosse
Land Co...............................................................................................  174

CHAPTER XIII
Agriculture and Livestock -- Agricultural Products of the Lake Region -- County Agents -- Agricultural Extension Service of Purdue University -- Reports of County Agents -- Livestock in the Lake Region -- Dairy Products..........................  193

CHAPTER XIV
Military Annals -- Splendid Military Record -- Causes of the War with Mexico, Civil War and War with Spain -- LaPorte, Porter and Lake County Volunteers -- Colonel John Wheeler -- War Relief Organizations...............................................  205

CHAPTER XV
The Lake and Calumet Region in the World War -- The World War -- Public Sentiment in Lake County Before the War -- Patriotic Demonstrations -- Council of Defense -- Women's Section, Council of Defense -- Hammond, a Great Center of Enlistment -- American Alliance -- Hammond Liberty Temple -- Conscription Boards and Registration -- Home Guards -- Soldiers Welfare Camp Organizations -- Liberty Loans -- The Red Cross -- LaPorte County in the World War -- Porter County in the World War -- Roster of Soldiers from Lake, LaPorte and Porter Counties -- Gold Star List......................................................................  216

CHAPTER XVI
The Newspapers -- Early Newspapers in LaPorte County -- Michigan City News -- Michigan City Dispatch -- LaPorte Herald -- Argus -- Early Newspapers in Porter County -- Vidette, Valparaiso -- Messenger, Valparaiso -- Chesterton Tribune -- Early Newspapers in Lake County -- Crown Point Register -- The Lake County Star, Crown Point -- Hobart Gazette - Hobart News -- Lake County Times -- Whiting Standard -- Lowell Newspapers -- Gary Post-Tribune....................  367

xiv

CHAPTER XVII
The Medical Profession -- Progress in Medicine -- Early Practitioners in LaPorte County -- The Indiana Medical College -- Early Practitioners of Porter County -- The First Physicians in Lake County -- The Practice of Medicine in the Pioneer Period by Dr. Andrew P. Letherman of Valparaiso -- The Lake County Medical Society -- The Porter County Medical Society -- The LaPorte County Medical Society -- Holy Family Hospital -- St. Anthony's Hospital -- Michigan City -- The Clinic, Inc. and Clinic Hospital, Michigan City -- The Valparaiso Christian Hospital -- St. Mary's Mercy Hospital, Gary -- The Calumet Hospital, Gary -- Methodist Hospital, Gary -- St. Antonio Hospital and the Illinois Steel Company Hospital, Gary -- St. Margaret Hospital, Hammond -- East Chicago Hospital -- Lake County Tuberculosis Sanitorium........................................................................  378

CHAPTER XVIII
The Bench and Bar in the Lake County and Calumet Region -- Bench and Bar of Lake County -- Lake County Bar Association -- Gary Bar Association -- Bench and Bar of Porter County -- Bench and Bar of LaPorte County -- LaPorte Bar Association - Michigan City Bar Association.............................................  397

CHAPTER XIX
Churches -- Pioneer Church Organizations -- Methodist Episcopal -- Presbyterian -- Baptist -- Roman Catholic -- Lutheran -- Congregational -- Episcopal -- Christian -- Greek Orthodox -- Jewish Congregations -- Churches not
otherwise listed....................................................................................  448

CHAPTER XX
Schools -- Foundation of the Public School System -- LaPorte County Pioneer Schools -- Township Schools -- LaPorte City Public Schools -- Michigan City Public Schools -- Porter County Pioneer Schools -- Township Schools -- Valparaiso Public Schools -- Valparaiso University -- Lake County Pioneer Schools -- Crown Point Public Schools -- Hobart Public Schools -- Lowell Public Schools -- East chicago Public Schools -- Whiting Public Schools -- Hammond Public Schools -- Gary Public Schools..............................................................................  532

CHAPTER XXI
Libraries -- Origin and Growth of Public Libraries -- Michigan City -- LaPorte -- Valparaiso -- Crown Point -- Whiting -- Hammond -- Gary -- East Chicago.  578

CHAPTER XXII
Social Life -- National and Local Organizations -- Masons -- Knights of Columbus -- Elks -- Social Agencies -- St. Joseph's Home for Boys, Hammond -- The Harris Home for Colored Children, Gary -- Campbell Settlement, Gary -- Carmelite Orphanage, East Chicago -- Katharine House, East Chicago.....................  594

xv

CHAPTER XXIII
The Dunes of Northwestern Indiana -- The Dune Area -- The Glacial Period -- Lake Kankakee -- Moraines -- Lake Chicago -- Formation of the Dunes -- The Great Height and Area -- Sandland by George E. Brown -- Flora of the Dunes -- The Dunes Park...................................................................................  599

CHAPTER XXIV
Banks and Banking -- LaPorte County Banks -- Michigan City -- LaPorte -- Hanna -- Union Mills -- Westville -- Wanatah --LaCrosse -- Rolling Prairie -- Porter County Banks -- Valparaiso -- Chesterton -- Porter -- Kouts -- Lake County Banks -- Crown Point -- Dyer -- Hobart -- East Chicago -- Indiana Harbor -- Whiting -- The Riley Group of Banks -- Smith-Bader Banking Institutions -- Lowell -- Hammond Banks -- Hammond's Largest Banking Institution -- Gary Banks -- Building and Loan Associations..............................................................  622

CHAPTER XXV
Transportation and Waterways -- Pioneer Travel -- The Stage Coach Era -- The Steam Railroads -- The Automobile -- Permanent Surfaced Roads -- The Dunes Highway -- Lake Navigation -- Port of Indiana Harbor -- Calumet Seaways Association -- Realization of a Dream -- Lakes to the Gulf Waterways -- Ocean Ports -- Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad -- Gary Railways -- Northern Indiana Public Service Company.............................................  662

CHAPTER XXVI
Cities -- Michigan City -- LaPorte -- Valparaiso -- Hammond -- East Chicago -- Whiting -- Crown Point and Hobart -- Gary -- Early Days of Gary by Hon. Ora L. Wildermuth -- Early Recollections of Gary by Col. A. P. Melton -- How We Incorporated the Town of Gary, by Hon. C. Oliver Holmes.......................  687

CHAPTER XXVII
Industrial Development -- Expansion of Industry in the Calumet District -- History of Iron and Steel -- Steel Wire -- Steel Tubular Products -- Tin Plate -- Present Day Consumption of Iron and Steel -- Ore Deposits --  Wages Paid in Europe and America --  Gary Industries -- Safety, Sanitation and Welfare Work -- Hammond Industrial Development -- East Chicago -- Indiana Harbor Industries -- Crown Point and Whiting Industries -- LaPorte County Industries -- Michigan City -- LaPorte -- Porter County Industries -- Valparaiso -- Calumet Region Industries During and After the War......................................................................  770

CHAPTER XXVIII
Chambers of Commerce -- Crown Point -- Valparaiso -- LaPorte -- Michigan City -- Whiting -- East Chicago -- Hammond -- Gary -- Chesterton....................  837

Transcribed by Steven R. Shook, December 2022

 

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